ABSTRACT
In 30 patients of rheumatic heart disease with mitral stenosis (MS) belonging to NYHA class II and III scheduled for closed mitral commissurotomy anaesthesia was induced with morphine 0.15 mg/kg followed by either thiopentone (group A, n = 15) or midazolam (group B, n = 15) titrated to produce sleep. Patients were intubated with pancuronium bromide in a dose of 0.12 mg/kg. Minimum mean arterial blood pressure following induction was significantly lower in thiopentone group (77 +/- 7 mm Hg) than midazolam group (85 +/- 6 mm Hg; P < 0.05). After intubation blood pressure was significantly higher in thiopentone group (99 +/- 8 mm Hg) than midazolam group patients (89 +/- 7 mm Hg). Heart rate was significantly higher in thiopentone treated patients both before and after endotracheal intubation. During surgery, three patients in group A had hypotensive episodes (mean arterial blood pressure 20% below basal at two successive readings 5 min apart) while one in group B had a hypotensive episode. Average duration of surgery was comparable between the two groups (102 +/- 15 and 95 +/- 18 min) and postoperatively there was no significant difference in sedation score and incidence of nausea and vomiting between the two groups.
Subject(s)
Adult , Anesthesia, Intravenous , Female , Humans , Male , Midazolam/administration & dosage , Mitral Valve Stenosis/surgery , Morphine/administration & dosage , Thiopental/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Vecuronium, a monoquaternary analogue of pancuronium, the neuromuscular blocker, was compared with pancuronium in 50 patients undergoing elective closed mitral valvotomy. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of 25 each, and the muscle relaxants were administered in a dose of 0.1 mg/kg body weight. Both the agents produced identical intubating conditions at 3 min. Vecuronium showed a significantly shorter onset of action, as compared to pancuronium. The latter significantly increased the heart rate throughout the period of study whereas vecuronium significantly decreased the heart rate, 25 min after administration. There was significant increase in the mean arterial pressure (MAP) at tracheal intubation in both the groups, which persisted throughout the period of study in pancuronium group. There was a significant fall in MAP at 30 min after relaxant in vecuronium group. The incidence of arrythmias was similar and significant in both the groups. Vecuronium, thus showed a quicker onset of action with minimal haemodynamic effects, as compared to pancuronium in patients undergoing closed mitral valvotomy.